ABSTRACT
Objective: The presence of specific chemotherapeutic protocols for hairy cell leukemia (HCL) makes it essential to discriminate this entity from other lymphoproliferative disorders. Hence, awareness of the variations in clinical presentations and immunophenotypic aberrancies is requisite to ensure diagnostic accuracy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out to analyze the clinical-pathological profile of patients with HCL diagnosed over a period of 81 months (2010–September 2017) in our institute. Flow cytometry was performed in all the patients, and further, BRAFV600E mutation analysis was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction in a limited number of samples. Result: A total of 353 lymphoproliferative disorders were assessed during the period, of which 16 (4.5%) were diagnosed as HCL, which included 15 cases of classical HCL and single case of HCL-v. Striking male predominance was noted with a median age of 52 (range 22–90 years). 47% patients presented with pancytopenia, while 20% cases had leukocytosis. Three patients presented with bleeding diathesis in the form of melena and purpuric spots. The absence of splenomegaly was observed in 20% patients (4/15) while 2 (13.3%) cases had lymphadenopathy. Hypocellular marrow was observed in 13% cases. Bright expression of CD20/CD22 along with CD25/CD103/CD123/CD11c was noted in all the patients of classical HCL. Aberrant expression of CD23 and CD5 was seen in 33% ( n =5) and 6.7% ( n =1) cases respectively. CD200 was positive in all the 5/15 cases tested. The case of HCL–v presented with very high leukocyte count and exhibited a CD103/CD11c+ and CD123/CD25- profile. BRAFV600E, mutation was present in all the four patients tested who included patients with a hypocellular marrow and absent splenomegaly. Conclusion: HCL has characteristic profiles, yet it may exhibit unusual clinical and immunophenotypic presentations. Perspicacious use of flow cytometry and BRAFV600E mutation analysis will aid in the diagnosis in unprecedented cases
ABSTRACT
Hemoglobin is the protein molecule present in red blood cells that carries O from the lungs to the body tissues and returns CO from the 2 2 tissues back to the lungs. The red blood cells have the ability to concentrate hemoglobin in the cell fluid up to about 34 grams in each 100 ml of cells. Anemia refers to a reduced oxygen carrying capacity of blood either due to reduced red blood cell count or decreased hemoglobin concentration. Anemia in women apart from many other causes is possibly due to the result of systemic inflammation which is probably because of the smoke of biomass fuels. To study correlation between hemoglobin levels and use of biomass fuel (wood) for cooking by females in rural areas of Lucknow district. The examination was done on the 44 females between 18 to 55 years of age and cooking food using biomass fuels for at least 5 years. Women who were pregnant, having history of bleeding disorders like hemophilia and Thalassaemia, history of tobacco intake, history of medications like steroids and history of hemorrhoids were excluded from the study. Examination of the blood sample for hemoglobin estimation was collected in the rural health training center (RHTC) of Era's Lucknow medical college and Hospital and hemoglobin estimation was done in the hospital lab services (HLS) Era's Lucknow medical college and hospital, which use fully analyzing method SYSMEX XS 8001for hemoglobin estimation . The correlation between biomass fuel (wood) smoke and hemoglobin levels was strongly positive and statistically highly significant (p= 0.004). The decrease in hemoglobin levels due to exposure to indoor air pollution resulting from the burning of biomass fuels in smoky fires for cooking have important implications for diagnosis of anemia.
ABSTRACT
The effect of field weathering on oxyradical accumulation and subsequent changes were studied in the seeds of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cv. JS 71-05. Electron spin resonance (ESR) quantification of oxyradical revealed that field weathering plays an important role in acceleration of their accumulation. One week of weathering increased the accumulation of oxyradicals to almost 2-fold and triggered the deteriorative cascade, by enhancing the lipid peroxidation and membrane perturbation, leading to cell death in seed tissues and poor germinability and vigour of soybean seeds. Thus, the weather conditions at the time of physiological maturity to harvesting of crop are very crucial and the field weathering plays a critical role for the maintenance of seed quality.